Fa Hien Cave, also known as Pahiyangala Cave, is one of the most significant prehistoric archaeological sites in Sri Lanka. Located in the Kalutara District, this ancient rock shelter is named after the Chinese Buddhist monk Faxian (Fa Hien), who is believed to have visited Sri Lanka in the 5th century AD. However, the cave’s history dates back much further, with evidence of human habitation over 37,000 years ago, making it one of the oldest known settlements in South Asia.

Fa Hien Cave Location

Pahiyangala Cave is situated in Bulathsinhala, approximately 90 km from Colombo. The journey takes around 2–3 hours by car, passing through scenic countryside roads. Visitors can reach the cave via a short hike, which offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape.

Archaeological Significance

• Human remains dating back 37,000 yearsSome of the earliest evidence of human life in Sri Lanka.
• Stone tools and weapons.Used by prehistoric inhabitants.
• Clay pottery and shellsIndicating early human settlements and their way of life.
• Ancient burial sitesProviding insights into burial customs and traditions.

Fa Hien Cave and Buddhism

Although there is no solid evidence that Fa Hien himself stayed in the cave, it is a revered Buddhist site. The cave houses a Buddha statue and is frequently visited by monks and pilgrims. Locals believe it was used as a meditation retreat by ancient Buddhist monks.

Size and Structure

Pahiyangala Cave is one of the largest natural rock caves in Asia,

• 175 feet (53 meters) high
• 200 feet (61 meters) wide
• 282 feet (86 meters) long

Things to Do in Fa Hien Cave

• Enjoy panoramic views:The surrounding countryside is stunning.
• Explore the cave:Discover its prehistoric significance.
• Visit the temple inside the cave:Experience the spiritual atmosphere.
• Photography:Capture breathtaking landscapes and ancient rock formations.

Best time to visit Fa Hien Cave

The ideal time to visit Pidurangala Mountain is during Sri Lanka's dry season, which generally runs from December to April. This period also has minimal rainfall and pleasant weather, and optimal hiking conditions.

Best Time of Day to Visit

The best time to visit Fa Hien Cave is during the dry season (December to April) when the weather is pleasant for hiking and exploration.